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features Monroe Elementary, the school attended in 1950 by third grader Linda Brown. Because she was black, Brown was barred from attending a white school much closer to her home. The cases brought by father and others led to the Supreme Court's unanimous decision in 1954 that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. (National Park Service)
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In the early days of the civil rights movement, litigation and lobbying were the focus of integration efforts. From 1955 to 1965, however, "direct action" was the strategy -- primarily bus boycotts, sit-ins, freedom rides, and social movements |
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Thurgood Marshall |
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